Meet the Dutch art detective who tracks down stolen masterpieces

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Fresh Air Wild Card with Rachel Martin It's Been a Minute Planet Money Get NPR+ More Podcasts & Shows Search Newsletters NPR Shop Tiny Desk New Music Friday All Songs Considered Music Features Live Sessions The Best Music of 2025 About NPR Diversity Support Careers Press Ethics Here's how Dutch art detective Arthur Brand tracks down stolen masterpieces For 20 years, Dutch art detective Arthur Brand has acted as an intermediary between the police and people who know where stolen artwork might be hiding. He says patience and trust are everything. Rebecca Rosman for NPR hide caption toggle caption Rebecca Rosman for NPR AMSTERDAM – In his modest IKEA-furnished apartment, Arthur Brand paces to distract himself. "I'm nervous," he says, with the honesty of a man who has learned that bravado is useless in his line of work. He lights a cigarette, leans out the window, and scans the street below. "The waiting is the hardest part." Brand, 56, has made a career out of waiting: for a phone call, a knock at the door, and, every once in a blue moon, a Picasso or a Van Gogh left discreetly on his doorstep. "Those are the moments you realize it's worth it," he says. Sponsor Message Until, of course, everything resets, and the waiting game begins again. Culture A few things to consider before committing a museum heist In another life, Brand says, he'll take his mother's advice and "find a normal job." But in this one, he's helped recover stolen art for two decades — often the cases police can't solve alone. Some call him the "Indiana Jones of the art world." Brand insists he's closer to a certain Pink Panther character. "Do you know Peter Sellers, Inspector Clouseau? Well, I'm like that," he says. "I always follow the wrong lead." Maybe it's true. Maybe it's just modesty. Or maybe it's Brand's ability to follow every wrong lead — and keep going — that keeps him in the game. He says he has recovered more than 150 stolen paintings and artifacts. His cases regularly make international headlines. There's the stolen Van Gogh that showed up on his doorstep in 2023, stuffed into a blood-soaked pillow in a blue IKEA bag. The Salvador Dali painting he recovered in 2016. The Picasso he tracked down for a Saudi sheikh in 2019. Brand's path into this work wasn't planned. "You know, you cannot go to university and say, I want to become an art detective," Brand says. "This is a job created more or less out of lack of other opportunities." Sponsor Message Art & Design A family found centuries-old Okinawan art stolen during WWII in their attic He traces his entry point to Michel van Rijn, a notorious Dutch figure in the art underworld who introduced Brand says to a shadowy ecosystem of smugglers, thieves and forgers — and law enforcement. After making a cold call to van Rijn's office, Brand says he became his apprentice in London — which regularly involved sitting quietly in a corner while older men swapped stories. "Everybody thought — who is this idiot?" he says. Van Rijn, Brand later discovered, was straddling two sides. In 2009, he walked away after learning his boss was working with police while still keeping "one leg" in the criminal world. The experience left him with a simple rule for survival: In a world where people expect betrayal, being honest — and keeping your word — is its own form of power. It's a lesson that underpins just about everything Brand does now. A bridge between informants and the police Europe In France, A Renewed Push To Return Art Looted By Nazis Brand says his work lives between two worlds that don't trust each other: police and the people who might know where the stolen art is hiding. "The police don't trust the informants. The informants don't trust the police. So I want to form a bridge between them to see what can be done. And in most cases, it's possible." The bridge only holds if Brand is seen as independent. "I'm not hired by an insurance company," he says. "The police, of course, don't pay me. So I do this work [at] my own costs." Parallels France Hopes Exhibit Of Nazi-Stolen Art Can Aid Stalled Search For Owners He supports himself by consulting for art galleries and helping Jewish families trace art looted during World War II. But the majority of his energy goes to the work he does on his own dime — acting as a go-between when someone wants to quietly unload a masterpiece they can't keep. Stolen masterpieces, he says, are hard to enjoy and even harder to sell. "Who buys stolen art? You cannot show it to your friends. You cannot leave it to your children." Sponsor Message Dutch police say Brand's motive matters. Everybody’s in it for the money, and I’m not. They cannot buy me. Art detective Arthur Brand Richard Bronswijk, who heads the Dutch police art crime unit, says he's seen private detectives create problems when money is the driver. "I've worked before with private detectives who are doing this for the money," Bronswijk says. "And then it's always dangerous." Brand, he points out, has always been driven by something else: the thrill of the chase. "Everybody's in it for the money, and I'm not," Brand says. "They cannot buy me." The art thief and the art detective: An unlikely pair Still, sometimes Brand's trust isn't enough on its own. When an informant is deciding whether to return stolen art, Brand says fear can take over … of the police, of retaliation, of being tricked. That's when he calls in his ace — Octave Durham. In 2002, Durham, already a seasoned bank robber, stole two Van Gogh paintings from the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. "You have born soccer players, born teachers, born policemen," Durham says. "I'm a born burglar," adding he doesn't steal anymore but "still can." Today, he works with Brand to recover stolen art. Brand has legitimacy. "But I have contacts on the streets," Durham says. "What takes [Brand] sometimes five, six years to figure something out, I could go up to somebody right away." Durham says he trusts Brand because Brand's focus is consistent. "He shows how he works, and it's all about recovering the art," Durham says — "and not to send somebody to jail … or go for the reward." The Van Gogh in the IKEA bag Culture Van Gogh Painting Stolen After Thieves Apparently Smash Dutch Museum Entrance In 2020, another Van Gogh — The Spring Garden — was stolen from the Singer Laren Museum. Police caught the thief a year later, but the painting was still missing. Then Brand says he got a tip from an informant. A gang, he said, was holding the Van Gogh as leverage until the attention made it too risky to keep. "Everybody wanted to get rid of it," Brand says. Brand says the informant told him he could return it — but only if could be guaranteed confidentiality. And he needed proof he could trust Brand. Sponsor Message So Brand turned to Durham. Durham sent the informant a message on Brand's behalf. "I don't know who you are," Durham texted. "The only thing I can say is that I guarantee you won't get into trouble if you talk to [Brand]." It worked. One afternoon, Brand says he opened his door and found a blue IKEA bag on his doorstep. Inside, he says, was a pillow soaked in blood. Wrapped within it was the missing Van Gogh. "It was one of the most beautiful moments of my life," Brand says. He says moments like the Van Gogh discovery explain why he keeps doing his work — and why, despite the danger, he keeps answering the phone. He compares it to living inside a thriller. That's when he has a confession to make. "It all started with Dan Brown, this whole idiot story," he says. Earlier this year, it all came full circle when he met the author at a book signing in Amsterdam. Brand shows off a framed note Brown gave him at the signing. "To Arthur, the real world Robert Langdon, with gratitude for all you do." Fine Art Missing 'Priceless' Artwork? Call Robert Wittman art heists Van Gogh museum heists detective Facebook Flipboard Email Read & Listen Home News Culture Music Podcasts & Shows Connect Newsletters Facebook Instagram Press Public Editor Corrections Transcripts Contact & Help About NPR Overview Diversity NPR Network Accessibility Ethics Finances Get Involved Support Public Radio Sponsor NPR NPR Careers NPR Shop NPR Extra Terms of Use Privacy Your Privacy Choices Text Only Sponsor Message Sponsor MessageBecome an NPR sponsor (function () { var loadPageJs = function () { (window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[22],{1167:function(e,n,c){e.exports=c(323)},323:function(e,n,c){"use strict";c.p=NPR.serverVars.webpackPublicPath,Promise.all([c.e(1),c.e(2),c.e(3),c.e(4),c.e(84)]).then(function(e){c(3),c(1140),c(116),c(94),c(52),c(493),c(239),c(102),c(104),c(1141),c(143),c(1142),c(238),c(48),c(1143)}.bind(null,c)).catch(c.oe)}},[[1167,0]]]); }; if (document.readyState === 'complete') { loadPageJs(); } else { window.addEventListener('load', function load() { window.removeEventListener('load', load, false); loadPageJs(); }); } })();